Comprehensive study material for ITI technical trades, including Fitter Electrician and others. Covers NIMI pattern theory, workshop practicals, safety standards, and industrial manufacturing processes.
Sometimes, it is necessary to mold metal into a desirable shape. To obtain this shape, a certain amount of heat must be given to the metal. This heat converts a solid metal into a plastic one. The process of converting the solid metal into the desired shape by heating is known as the heat treatment … Read more
Forging is one of the oldest methods to produce the required shape from the red-hot metal. Generally, hammers are used for shaping the parts of an object. Forgings can be defined as the controlled plastic deformation of a metal at elevated temperature into a predetermined size or shape by using compressive forces. Forgings may be … Read more
In engineering fields, metals have great importance because of every smallest part, and big machines are normally made up of metal. i.e., from the manufacturing of a needle to a big ship, metal is used. Metal is a kind of mineral substance, which is obtained from mines after cleaning the raw materials. This raw material … Read more
Precision instruments are required at different stages of manufacturing workshops for good production quality. The level or grade of products is decided and checked for their accuracy. Different measuring instruments are used to check the level of products. The instruments that can measure the smallest and most accurate quantity are called precision measuring instruments. In … Read more
In science, industry, and statistics, the accuracy preferred by a management system is the degree of closeness of a measurement. So, such types of instruments are called precision instruments. Some different types of precision measuring instruments are given below. Precision Measuring Instruments 1. Vernier Caliper The vernier caliper is a precision measuring instrument. Its measurement … Read more
The measuring instruments are required to get the accuracy and complete our jobs as per drawing. These are divided into two groups as follows. Ordinary Measuring Tools and Instruments It can measure a minimum of 0.5 mm in the metric system and 1/64 inch in the British system. e.g., the Steel rule. Precision Measuring Tools … Read more
The technique used to determine the size of any component in terms of standard units is called measurement. eg, Linear measurement applies to measure the length, thickness, diameter, height, etc., covering both internal and external features. When any measurement is carried out, the magnitude of a quantity (length, mass, time, etc.) to be measured is … Read more
The Engineering key is a machine element, which is used to connect a rotating machine element at a shaft. Keys are used to transmit torque from a rotating machine element at the shaft or we can also conclude that keys are used to locate pulleys or gears on a shaft and prevent relative motion between … Read more
A hacksaw is a hand saw with a fine-tooth blade that is fitted under tension in a frame. A hacksaw is used to cut the materials such as metals or plastics. A Hand-held hacksaw consists of a metal arch with a handle, usually a pistol grip, with pins for attaching a narrow disposable blade. A … Read more
Scrapers are made up of tool steel or alloy steel and the cutting edge of the scraper is hardened and tempered. They are mainly used to scrap metal surfaces by rubbing the work surface. They also produce a bearing surface, which has been filed or machined earlier. The scrapers are used as hand-cutting tools for … Read more
